This course is designed to provide students with the fundamental understanding of European political, cultural, intellectual and economic developments since the French Revolution. Along with the consideration of major events and figures, attention will be paid to the experience of ordinary people in times of upheaval and transition. The period will be thus be viewed neither in terms of historical inevitability nor as a procession of great men, but rather through the lens of the complex interrelations between demographic change, political revolution, and cultural development.

Offered for 3 Semester hours.